Watumishi wa Sekretarieti za Mikoa na Mamlaka za Serikali za Mitaa waliokubaliwa kuhama kuanzia tarehe 23/03/2018 hadi tarehe 30/06/2018
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Wednesday, July 4, 2018
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Culture change
Advantage of cultural change
i) It enables people to master their environment due to acquisition of new skill from other societies. ii) It helps people to cope with environment due to acquisition at new skills iii) It helps people to improve their welfare in all aspect of life such as economic social, political aspect to due to new technology acquired from other society.Disadvantages of cultural changesi) Education and knowledge acquired from outside may...
The meaning and factors for Culture change
Cultural changeCulture does not remain stagnant since it is influenced by the life of the societies. As the system of life change can therefore be define as a process in which societies charges their pattern of culture. The following are some of the factors which influenced cultural change;1. Internal factors; These are forced which emerge within the societies and cause the system of life to change so as to cope with the new environment .one of best example of the internal forced that can lead to cultural change is invention of new technology.2....
What are the ways for ensuring preventive care and maintenance of personal and public Property
The ways for ensuring preventive care and maintenance of personal and public Property
i) Cleanliness of the surrounds.ii) Making frequency check up and inspection of property.iii) Regular maintenance that minimizes the costs of up keeping of building furniture and fixture.iv) Regular maintenance that creates a conductive environment to user.v) Regular care and maintenance of existing building and facilities so as to ensure and prolong the life span of building...
Factors which hinder promotion of worthy cultural values
Factors which hinder promotion of worthy cultural values
Despite all attempts made by the government to build, promote and preserve national cultural values still there are some factors which act as hindrances. These factors include the following;1. Colonial legacy; Because of colonial legacy many Tanzania by the government are not confident in creating things. They are still having the mental attitude of being inferior to the white men colonialists established policies of assimilation and association together with the administrative and...
What are the roles of different groups and institution in promoting and preservation of our worthy cultural values
The roles of different groups and institution in promoting and preservation of our worthy cultural values1. The National Kiswahili Council; was established in August 9.1967 with its major roles being to promote and develop Kiswahili as a national language .The council enable Kiswahili to be used in all area of national communication .To day, Kiswahili is spoken and understood by a lost all Tanzania .The first president of Tanzania Mwalim JK Nyerere used Kiswahili to unite the whole of Tanzania as nation.2. The Nation Sports Council; was established...
What are the Importance of promoting and preserving of our worthy cultural value
Promotion and preservation of our worthy cultural values
Is a combination of efforts made by people under their government to enhance growth and existence of the national culture which has to be practiced in the nation.Importance of promoting and preserving of our worthy cultural valuei) To maintain our national identity.ii) To provide a foundation for stable governance.iii) To maintain our useful value systemsiv) To protect our country from cultural deculturalization through globalization.v)...
Ways or actions to be taken against negative aspects of our socio-cultural
Ways or actions to be taken against negative aspects of our socio-cultural
In brief the following measures should be undertaken
To educate the people on the impacts of negative aspect of cultural value.
Improving women access to resources such as land cattle and forms of property.
Equal participation in political matter. This will enable women to participate in decision making in various.
The government should enact strict laws for those who entertain negative aspect of cultural value.
The community should be aware of all things which...
What are the Customs and cultural practices that lead to spread of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI'S).
Customs and cultural practices that lead to spread of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI'S).
HIV stand for human immunity deficiency virus and aids stand for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Getting HIV infection leads to weakening of immunity system. This makes a person with HIV vulnerable to illness HIV/AIDS is a killer disease which has no cure or vaccine.
The following are customs and cultural practices that lead to spread of HIV/AIDS and STI’S
Female genital mutilation; (Women circumcision) can lead to the spread of...
What are the strategies for women empowerment
The strategies for women empowerment
Women empowerment can be improved if the following things are considered;
Improving and increasing education opportunities to women .lf education opportunities will improved to women, development will be achieved in the poor countries like Tanzania and the slogan that say “You educated a women you educated the whole society" will practically observed.
Improving access to the resource such as land, the situation which has been to difficult for quite a long time in many societies. This will help women to...
What are the Major effects of gender discrimination ?
Major effects of gender discrimination
There is unequal distribution of power in all sphere of life such in political, economic, social sector
Women continue to be left out in various area of development.
Women continue to face violence and aggression as they do not have any economic power base to support themselves. As result, majority of women live in extreme poverty.
Enrollment of girls and women in various learning institution has not been keeping up the same pace with that of boys and men that is boy and men are many than girl and...
What are the Institutions which perpetuate gender discrimination
Institutions which perpetuate gender discrimination1. The familyAt the family level there is belief that boys will propagate lineage and support the family, while girls have to get married. Due to this belief many families prefer to educate boy spend more money on them at the expense of the girls, when a choice has to be made between the two. As a result girls have been marginalized in may issues.2. Religious institutionSome religious doctrine and leader reference to the Quran or Bible on the submissive nature of women tend to deny them of the...
Which are the Customs which lead to gender discrimination ?
Customs which lead to gender discrimination;
Are those which have their origin from the patriarchal societies
Patriarchal societies are those societies which are organized and run by men; In these societies it is only men who are the decision maker and holder of the power over the women and resources. Patriarchal systems are common in many African societies including those of Tanzania. The system are now world wide strongly discourage because they favor males over females, and thus perpetuate gender discrimination
Exclusion of women from decision...
What are the most outstanding gender concept among other ?
The most outstanding gender concept among other includes the following;
Gender discrimination; It is the situation in which one kind of the sex in the society is denied of its right and opportunities simply because of belong to that sex category.
Gender oppression; It is the situation whereby a certain sexual category is treated harshly or oppressed simply because it belong to that category for example giving heavy tasks and depriving of their important social needs.
Gender gap; It is an inequality in job accessibility between two different...
The impacts of negative aspects of Cultural values
IMPACTS OF NEGATIVE ASPECT OF CULTURAL VALUE
Female genital mutilation this can lead to various effects such as;
Prolonged bleeding during and after the mutilation.
Disturbance of the natural vaginal elasticity during delivery due to the scar left after mutilation
Reduction of sexual pleasure during sexual intercourse
Spread of sexually Transmitted infection because the instrument used are not sterilized and are used by the whole group being circumcised
Death because of excessive bleeding and STI’S Such as AIDS/HIV
Gender biases can...
What are the positive and negative aspects of our cultural values ?
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ASPECT OF OUR CULTURAL VALUES
Positive aspects1) Respect and hospitality; Refer to polite behavior that a person has towards other especially those he/she thinks are older or important to him/ her. For example in many societies the children are taught various way through which they should show respect. Those include greeting, receiving and handling property. How to talk to the elder etc. Through these way children grow up knowing how well they can behave in their families and community at large.2) Caring for other...
What are the importance of each Element of Culture ?
THE IMPORTANCE OF EACH ELEMENTS OF CULTURE1) LanguageIs an important in element of culture because it is used as a medium of communication in the society. It can also serve as an identify of a given society in particular or nation in general. For example Kiswahili language in Tanzania.2) TraditionsSome tradition such as marriages and burial ceremonies play a key role of uniting people together when the meet to conduct or cerebrating the event.3) NormsAre social rule that guide behavior they specify the behavior that is appropriate...
What are ten (10) elements of Culture ?
ELEMENT OF CULTURE
The following are the element of culture; Cooperation Language Law Customs Tradition Ideology Recreation Art and creation Norms FashionThere are ten element of culturei) CooperationThese elements manifest themselves in physical and social bond of the society in various activities. It gives chances for members to learn and do things together in community e.g. harvesting, initiation ceremoniesii) Norms and lawsLaw...
What are the two aspects of culture ?
ASPECT OF CULTURE
Culture consists of two main aspects;
· Material culture
· Intellectual culture/ non material culture
1. MATERIAL CULTURE
Material culture refers to tangible or physical artifacts (objects) made by human being. They include such things like spears, cooking pots, houses, coins, computer, stools, sofa sets and many others. These cultural objects reflect the nature of the society in which they were made. Material culture shows the extent to which man has achieved...
The meaning and importance of Culture
What is culture?
Culture is the total way of life in a given society.Is a phenomenon that is practiced by all societies in the world. As a universal phenomenon it has bees held as a mankind asset which un-holds and perpetuates his time announced virtues. Culture links the past and present and synthesize man achievement and as nation.Culture can be defined as a total way of life of particular society in a given time and environment as a total way of life it embraces all that has been created by man excluding all that has been given to him by nature....
Tuesday, July 3, 2018
Why African Resistance against the imposition of colonialism Failed?
Why African Resistance Failed?
It is true that many societies resisted against Europeans invaders but most of those resistance failed and African were defeated. The failure of Africans reactions was associated with the numbers of factors such as;
Disunity among the African rulers. The Africans failed to unite together to fight for their enemy. Example in West Africa, Tanganyika, Angola, Namibia and Central Africa.
Internal political factions in some Africa states contributed towards the defeat. Due to the disarray of many African states...
What are the Significance of the Early african Resistances
Significance of the Early Resistances.
i. Primary resistances helped to shape the environment of later African politics because of their impacts upon the thinking and action of the colonial authorities. The formation of TANU in Tanganyika had connection with Maji Maji and other associations. ii. Primary resistances brought about the collapse of the commercial companies, which were at first employed by the German and British to open East Africa spheres of influence. So this forced the two governments to...
Why Ethiopia was not colonized
WHY ETHIOPIA ESCAPED COLONIALISM
Ethiopia was the only country in Africa that escaped colonialism. By 19th century all African nations had been dominated by the colonialists save Ethiopia there are various reasons that explain why Ethiopia managed to escape colonialism, these include the following forces;
The defeat of Italy in the battle of Adowa in 1896 made other European countries to fear to colonize Ethiopia; they thought that they might be defeated like Italy.
The existence of powerful Emperors like emperor Theodore who once...
What are the effects of Nama and Herero uprising of 1904-1907
The Effects of Nama and Herero uprising
i. After the uprising, the Nama and Herero lost their cattle and land to Germans. They became very poor and lived in severe life that could not enable to live in conducive environment and good life.ii. The chief township in Namibia was officially abolished by German government.iii. Namibia became a Germans colony and German administration continued to be strong. For this reason, the Nama and Herero uprising did not materialize and had very minimal effect compared to that of...
what are the Meaning and the Causes of Nama and Herero uprising of 1904-1907
NAMA AND HERERO UPRISING IN NAMIBIA (1904-1907)The German occupation and imposition of its colonial rule in Namibia met with a limited success in the 1880’s and 1890’s. The region was inhabited by three main ethnic groups, the first and second group comprised Bantu people of Ambo and Herero who engaged in crop cultivation and livestock keeping. The other group comprised the Nama who were Hottentots and engaged in Pastoralism. Both groups depended on land for cultivation and pasture, The history of Namibia in the nineteenth century was characterized...
What are the Effects of the Shona and Ndebele ( Chimulenga) Uprising of 1896-1897
The Effects of the Shona and Ndebele Uprising of 1896-1897
The Chimurenga warriors were taught bitter lesson and many of them died during the confrontation.
The BSAC administration incorporated and expropriated more fertile land and cattle as war indemnity.
The company administration received much criticism from the colonial office for mistreatments of the natives. Then Cecil Rhodes guaranteed to make changes in governing the Matebeleland.
The Ndebele were redistributed new lands in the lowlands where they lived happily unperturbed by the...
What is the Meaning and Causes of the uprising of the Mashona and matebele or chimulenga war in zimbabwe 1896 - 1897
THE MASHONA-MATEBELE (CHIMULENGA) UPRISING IN ZIMBABWE (1896-1897)The whites created their settlement in Mashonaland in 1890. They thought that the Shona might thank the whites and were grateful to them since they could protect them against their traditional rivals, the Ndebele. But the matter was not so. The whites had misconceptions about the Ndebele, for they thought that with the fall of Lobengula, the son of Mzilikazi, the Ndebele power was completely dwarfed and could not stage war. As a result, in 1896, the whites were caught by surprise,...
Reasons for why Samori Toure was Finally Defeated.
Why Samori Toure was Finally Defeated?
(i) Anglo–French conspiracy. Between 1889 and 1890 Samori had reached an agreement with the British to supply arms to Samori’s armies up to 1896. But in 1896 the British breached the treaty by occupying Sierra Leone thus blocking Samori’s access to arms supplies. In the same year British forced occupied the Gold Coast making it impossible for Samori to form a military alliance with Ashanti.(ii) Shortage of military weapons. Surrounded by enemies, Samori doubled efforts to manufacture...
Reasons as to why Samori Toure Managed to Contain (Fight) the French Forces for so long?
Reasons as to why Samori Toure Managed to Contain (Fight) the French Forces for so long? (i) Strong army. Samori Toure had established strong army of approximately 12,000 men and about 90,000 reserves. He had a standby army, trained military men who could be taken in emergence, cases to help the permanent army.(ii) Modern weapons. Samori Toure had excess to modern arms that he had acquired from the coastal traders' that he had been friend with them. Samori Toure had established friendship with the coastal traders for quite...
Why Samori Toure Fought Against the French (1891-1898)?
Why Samori Toure Fought Against the French (1891-1898)?(i) The French activities of selling arms to Samori's enemies, such as Tieba of Sikasso alarmed Samori Toure. The French' aimed at weakening the Mandika so as to acquire it smoothly.(ii) Samori Toure was shocked by the failure of his plan of playing off the British against the French. He had signed an agreement with the British on non-interference in each other's sphere of influence. Unfortunately, the British refused to support Samori against the French. (iii) ...
What were the reactions to french invasion in West Africa
REACTION TO FRENCH INVASION IN WEST AFRICA
(i) Reaction to French invasion Senegambia
French military conquests in West Africa, were first directed against Senegambia during the rule of Mohmadou Lamine, and against Guinea then under Samori Toure. The major aim of the French was to capture the trading centers of Western Sudan and the strategic area between Upper Senegal and Niger. They had already built warehouses and fortresses along these rivers to control trade in palm oil, groundnuts, and gold from the interior. However, the power...
What are the effects or Impacts of Majimaji Resistance of 1905 - 1907
Impacts of Majimaji Resistance
(i) The Majimaji resistance made Germans ruler to reform their administration so as to avoid, another uprising in Tanganyika. These reforms were made under Governor Lord Rothenberg. They also changed their attitudes towards Africans. Governor Rothenberg introduced some important measures to improve Africa services, like education and health, farming and communication system. He also rejected extra taxation of Africans and abolished corporal punishment; The Governor recognized traditional chiefs,...
Why Africans defeated or failed in Majimaji War of 1905 - 1907
Causes for African Defeat
(i) Africans employed poor weapons such as arrows, spears and outdated guns against their enemies who used superior automatic machines like machine guns. They also lacked fighting skills and were poorly organized as opposed to their counterpart, the Germans, who were well trained and organized.
(ii) The, Germans were supported in many ways, such as weapons and mercenary soldiers from Sudan, Germany, New Guinea, and Somalia. All these reinforced the Germans and led to emergence of large army,...
What is the meaning and causes of Majimaji resistance of 1905 - 1907
MAJIMAJI RESISTANCE (1905- 1907) It is not possible to recognize any simple pattern in African resistance to European rule. Samori fought a long defensive battle against the French. Lobengula saw the futility of military resistance. People such as Nandi reacted immediately in violent manner to the British advance. Other groups, having failed to put up much of a resistance at first; were persuaded to rebel against the European later. Often a rekindling of traditional religious belief was combined with armed rebellion. An example of such a revolt...
The background of Abushiri and Bwana heri Resistance
ABUSHIRI AND BWANA HERI RESISTANCE
This was African reaction along the coastal region where rich Arabs and local merchants had invested in coconut and cereal plantations in a large scale as well as trade activities. These plantation activities depended much on the interior, but the German company suppressed slave trade, hence affected the supply of labour to plantations. This event threatened the Arabs and, local merchant plantation owners. In 1888" the company agents imposed taxes and began to collect it from all people including feudal...
THE NYAMWEZI RESISTANCE 1891 - 1894
THE NYAMWEZI RESISTANCE 1891 - 1894This was another reaction against Germany colonial rule which was staged by Nyarnwezi under Chief, Isike. Initially the Nyamwezi had business relations with Germans, they conducted trade together. But later on the Nyamwezi realized that the German's intention of monopolizing their trade which passed through their land to important trading centres like Ujiji; and Mwanza, controlling land and ruling them. In order to avoid the German control, Chief Isike organized his people to take up arms and closed the trade...
The Origin or background of the Hehe Resistance of 1891-1898
THE HEHE RESISTANCE 1891-1898This was one among the most notable active small scale resistances, which were very fierce since they involved military action sand was well organized. The leader of this reaction was Chief Mkwawa who is also known as chief Mkwavinyika. The name Mkwavinyika means the conqueror of lands. The Hehe resistance was caused by the German occupation of several areas in Mainland Tanganyika (the present day Tanzania) such as Ugogo, Ukaguru, Usagara and Mpwapwa, which had economic importance to the Hehe ruling class. These...
What were the reasons for African resistance against colonial domination
Armed or Active resistance
It is the form of reaction involved the use of weapons by Africans to fight against Europeans and prevent them from imposing colonial rule in their territories. Example of active or armed resistance in Africa include the Mandinka in west Africa, Majimaji in Tanganyika, Nama and Herero uprising in Namibia, Shona and Ndebele uprising in Zimbabwe and Nandi resistance in Kenya.
Passive resistanceRefers to unarmed opposition. It also means the adaptation of non-cooperative measures with the colonial powers but without using...
What were the reasons for African collaboration.
Collaboration or Alliance
Collaboration means the cooperation between Africans and European invaders. It can be explained as adaptation. This method involved forming alliance with the Europeans against indigenous enemies and concluding treaties. Example of African societies, which made alliance with the Europeans were Creoles, Maasai, Baganda and Lozi.Reasons for African collaboration.
Some societies allied with the foreigners because they were incapable of holding out the invaders and they saw that it was fruitless to fight, as they weak...