EXPRESSING COMPARISON
The use of the same as, as……as to show similarity;
Similarity shows things looking the same. The
similarity can be expressed by using the same as, as….as.
Comparison comes from the word comparing which means
things of the same kind are compared, example; if you are discussing about
shoes should only be shoes. It should not be related to things which are not of
the same kind. Example; relating a house and a car, or a school and market.
Similarity should be of the same kind.
Examples
1. Our
house is the same as yours.
2. Ashura’s
car is the same as Amina’s car.
3. Their
president is the same as our president.
4. My
book is the same as Nyamizi’s book.
5. My
shoe is the same as yours.
6. Asha’s
ruler is the same as Juma’s ruler.
7. My
bed is the same our father’s bed.
8. My
car is the same as your father’s car.
9. Esther’s
pencil is the same as Doreen’s pencil.
10. His
behavior is the same as his father.
11. Our
school is the same as theirs.
12. My
ruler is the same as for Latifa.
13. Mabula
is the same as his father.
14. Is
Kuhaba the same as his English teacher?
15. Bishoo’s
clothes are the same as Janet’s clothes.
16. She
is foolish the same as her mother.
17. Zalina’s
clothes are the same as Esther’s clothes.
18. Helen’s bag is the same as Esther’s bag.
19. Joachim’s
sweater is the same as David’s sweater.
20. His
house is the same as his brother’s house.
21. Kelvin’s
watch is the same as Wambura’s watch.
The use of not the same
as, different from
Comparison can be shown
also by using the differences.
Different is how things
are not looking the same. The things to be differentiated should be of the same
kind.
The words used to show
differences are not the same as, or different from.
Examples
1. My
belt is different from Osman’s belt.
2. Joshua’s
bag is different from Merina’s bag.
3. Baraka’s
clothe is different from Asha’s clothes.
4. My
shoes is not the same as Mwesigwa’s shoes.
5. Our
school is different from theirs.
6. My
shirt is not the same as yours.
7. My
father’s car is different from my mother’s car.
EXERCISE
1. Make
six sentences using the word as…..as to show similarity.
2. Make
six sentences using the word different from to show differences.
The use of Adjectives to express comparison
Adjective is a word which is giving more information
about the noun or pronoun.
A noun is a word which name things like people or
anything. A pronoun is a word which replaces or stands instead of a noun.
Example of pronouns
He
She
They
Them
His
Her
Him
Our
It
I
There are three form / degrees of adjectives. These
are;
1. Positive
adjective
2. Comparative
adjective
3. Superlative
adjective
1. POSITIVE
ADJECTIVE
Positive adjective is a type of adjective which only
discuss/compare one thing. i.e is which do with one object, thing or place
without comparing to another.
Examples of positive adjective are tall, short,
long, lazy, beautiful, wise etc.
Examples
1. I
am tall.
2. James
is short.
3. Neema
is beautiful.
4. He
is intelligent.
5. My
ruler is long.
6. Mwajuma
is fat.
2. COMPARATIVE
ADJECTIVE
Comparative adjective is another type of adjective
which compare two unequal things. When comparing two things we normally use the
describing word THAN and we add ER at the end of adjective to form
comparatives.
The word THAN is added after the adjective.
A comparative is a word formed adjective by adding
ER at their terminals endings or by attaching the word MORE with an adjective.
The ER which is always put at the end of adjective
to form comparatives is called SUFFIX and the whole process of adding ER to an
adjective is known as SUFFIXATION.
Examples of comparative adjective are taller,
shorter, longer, wiser, lazier, fatter, etc.
Examples
1. James is taller than Seleman.
2. My ruler is longer than yours.
3. Our school is better than Uhuru primary
school.
4. Kalekwa is fatter than Dorcas.
5. Paul is lazier than Kafumu.
6. She is more beautiful than her sister.
7. Neema
is more intelligent than Asha.
8. Mauled is more handsome than Brighton.
3.
SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVE
This is when many
or more than two equal things are compared in terms of size, length, weight,
height and even quality in which one among them takes the first position
(wins).
It gives the best
quality of the noun or pronoun.
Examples are
tallest, shortest, best, longest.
Examples
1.
She is
the shortest girl in our class.
2.
Juma is
the strongest player in our team.
3.
My shoes
is the best in our school.
4.
Our dormitory
is the cleanest dormitory in the school.
There are two types
of superlative degrees.
(i)
Regular
superlatives are those which end up with EST.
(ii)
Irregular
superlatives are those which do not accept EST. but they take MOST with them.
NB: All superlative
come after article THE.
Examples
1.
The
snail is the slowest animal in the forest.
2.
Among
the bicycles, motorcycles and cars are, the cars are the fastest of all.
3.
Mariam
is the fattest girl in standard seven.
4.
Gatti
is the weakest girl in the class.
5.
The
elephant is the biggest animal in the forest.
6.
She is the
ugliest girl in our school.
7.
He is
the laziest boy in the family.
8.
The
lion is the most dangerous animal.
9.
He is
the most intelligent boy in our class.
10. Mwanahawa is the most beautiful woman in the
village.
|
Positive
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
little food
|
less food
|
least food
|
|
many fish
|
more fish
|
most fish
|
|
Much
|
More
|
most
|
|
Good
|
Better
|
Best
|
The use of
adjective to express/ show comparison
There are rules
which are governing the formation of adjectives as follows.
1.
Any
adjective word which is ending up with letter “e” in positive adjective, when
comes to comparative adjective only “r” is added and in superlative only “st”
is added.
Examples
|
Positive
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
wise
|
wiser
|
the
wisest
|
|
wide
|
wider
|
the
widest
|
|
ripe
|
riper
|
the
ripest
|
|
nice
|
nicer
|
the
nicest
|
|
fine
|
finer
|
the
finest
|
2.
Any
adjective word which is ending up with letter “y” in positive only “ier” is
added for comparative adjective and “iest” for superlative.
Examples
|
Positive
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
lazy
|
Lazier
|
the
laziest
|
|
happy
|
happier
|
the
happiest
|
|
crazy
|
crazier
|
the
craziest
|
|
dirty
|
dirtier
|
the
dirtiest
|
|
dry
|
drier
|
the
driest
|
|
noisy
|
noisier
|
the
noisier
|
|
early
|
earlier
|
the
earliest
|
|
easy
|
easier
|
the
easiest
|
EXERCISE
Fill the blanks
with the appropriate describing adjective.
|
Positive
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
wide
|
…………...
|
………......
|
|
beautiful
|
…………...
|
…………..
|
|
crazy
|
…………...
|
…………..
|
|
long
|
…………...
|
…………..
|
|
tall
|
…………...
|
…………..
|
The use of
adjectives to express / show comparison
There are some
adjectives which have two syllables. A syllable is a part of the word which has
one sound.
Examples the word
hot has two syllables, fat has two syllables so in comparative are doubled.
Examples
|
Positive
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
wet
|
wetter
|
the wettest
|
|
big
|
bigger
|
the biggest
|
|
fat
|
fatter
|
the fattest
|
|
dim
|
dimmer
|
the dimmest
|
|
thin
|
thinner
|
the thinnest
|
|
hot
|
hotter
|
the hottest
|
|
slim
|
Slimmer
|
the slimmest
|
Also other words
which are adjectives are not changing but we add other words to give more
meaningful.
Examples
|
Positive
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
beautiful
|
more beautiful
|
the most beautiful
|
|
dangerous
|
more dangerous
|
the most dangerous
|
|
difficult
|
more difficult
|
the most difficult
|
|
popular
|
more popular
|
the most popular
|
|
famous
|
more famous
|
the most famous
|
|
exciting
|
more exciting
|
the most exciting
|
|
important
|
more important
|
the most important
|
|
interesting
|
more interesting
|
the most interesting
|
EXERCISE
Re-write the
following sentences by using the correct form degree of adjective given in the
bracket.
Example;
Joseph is (heavy)
than Richard.
Joseph is heavier than Richard.
1.
Michael
is the (good) boy in our class.
2.
This
boy is (light) than the box of biscuits.
3.
Which
is the (tall) building in Kahama?
4.
My
house is (near) than yours.
5.
Which
one is the (easy) way to do it?
The use of
adjective forms
Re-write the
following sentences using the correct adjective which is in the brackets.
Example;
The snake is (long)
than the snail.
The snake is longer
than the snail.
1.
A snail
is the (slow) animal in the forest.
2.
Mariam
is the (fat) girl in our class.
3.
The
elephant is the (big) animal in the national park.
4.
The cat
is (dirty) than the dog.
5.
The dog
is (clean) than the cat.
6.
The
aero plane is the (expensive) in the world transport system.
7.
Playing
football is (easy) than playing music.
8.
English
is the (easy) subject in our school.
9.
The
whale has the (wide) mouth in the sea.
10. Football is the (good) game in the world.
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